Means for heating and ventilating cars



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. K. MANSFIELD. Means for Heating andVentilating Oars.

Patented Dec. 7,1880.

Inventor.-

Witnesses NPETERSI FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTONv D C.

(No Model.) '2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

AQK. MANSFIELD. Means for Heating and Ventilating Cars.

No. 235,265. Patented Dec. 7,1880.

Witnesses UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT K. MANSFIELD, OF STEUBENVILLE, OHIO.

MEANS FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 235,265, dated December'7, 1880.

Application filed March 26, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT K. MANSFIELD, of Steubenville, in the countyof Jefferson and State of Ohio, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in, Means for Heating and Ventilating Apparatus forRailway-Oars, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the arrangement of valves and pipes in theair-receiver over a car-stove. Heretofore these valves have beendisconnected and allowed to act independently. This is objectionable forthe reason that when the car is at rest the valves both close bygravity, and the heat accumulates about the stove and injures the car.

The object of my invention is to provide an arrangement by which heatedair may not only be distributed through the car near the floor when thecar is in motion, but when the car is too warm the heated air may bedrawn off out of the car; also, when the car is at rest, to allow alarge part of the heated air to pass off into the atmosphere to avoidinjuring the car.

The invention consists in connecting the two valves together whichregulate the admission or emission of air to or from the space between acar-stove and its inclosing-case in such a way that one of the valvesshall always be open, and in the combination, with these valves, ofmechanism which enables them to be operated by hand from the interior ofthe car.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, Fig. 2 aplan, and Fig. 3 a verticallongitudinalsection,oftheair-receiver,showing the stove-pipe passing through it and the arrow-handle foroperating the valves. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the air-receiverand a portion of the car-roof, showing how the arrow-handle H is broughtinto the interior of the car.

It will be seen that the receiver is placed on the lower or side roof ofthe car, while the shaft M, containing the arrow-handle, passes throughthe upright wall between the upper and lower roofs.

B is the air-pipe, which incloses the stovepipe,leavingaspacebetweenthepipes,through which the air descends.

G G are partitions, of wire-gauze, through (No model.)

which the cold air enters the receiver when the car is in motion.

V V are the valves, and W the connecting rod or wire, which connects the"alves together in such a way that when either is closed the other isopen. At M is a shaft with an arrowhandle, H, at one end, and a-crank,K, at the other. A connecting-rod connects the crank with one of theValves. This combination allows the valves to be worked from the insideof the car by the arrow handle, the arrow showing when the proper valveis open. When the arrow is pointed in the direction in which the car ismoving, the forward valve is open and the rear valve closed. The air isforced into the receiver and down between the pipes into the spacebetween the stove and its case, where it becomes heated. Thence itpasses into a hot-air box or conductor which runs along under the seats,with openings at intervals, from which the hot air escapes into the car.If the car becomes too warm, the arrow may be reversed, which closes theforward valve and opens the rear valve. Olosin g the forward valveprevents air from being forced into the receiver, and opening the rearvalve allows the heated air to rise and escape. This escape is assistedby the partial vacuum which is formed at the rear end of the receiver bythe forward motion of the car. The current is therefore reversed fromits former direction, air entering the openings under seats, becomingheated at the stove, and escaping through the rear valve of thereceiver. When the car is at rest the heated air rises and escapeswhichever valve be open.

The connected valves may be used without the arrangement for operatingthem by hand, in which case they work automatically, the pressure of airopening the forward and closing the rear valve when the car is inmotion. In this case, however, the valves cannot be reversed in order tocool the car. When no fire is in the stove cool air may be forced intothe car.

I am aware that prior to my invention ventilators for exhausting airfrom cars and dwelling-houses have been constructed with opposite valvesopening outward, connected so that the pressure of air closes one,thereby opening the other; also, that such valves have been stove-pipeA, leading to the stove, and air-pipe B, communicating with the spacebetween stove and stove-case.

:3. The combination of the two connected valves Y Y, air-receiver D,stove pipe A, airpipe B, and operating-handle H, substantially as setforth.

ALBERT K. MANSFIELD.

Witnesses:

(l. L. MANSFIELD, LINUS FAUNCE.

